Chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation has been introduced as a term for conditions in which there is typically a two to threefold increase in the systemic concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-1ra, sTNF-R, and CRP is reflected.
Typically, IL-6 is the first cytokine present in the circulation during exercise. Plasma-IL-6 increases in an exponential fashion with exercise and is related to exercise intensity, duration, the mass of muscle recruited, and endurance. It has been demonstrated that the IL-6 protein is expressed in contracting muscle fibers, and that IL-6 is released from skeletal muscle during exercise.
The anti-inflammatory effects of IL-6 are demonstrated by stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and cytokine inhibitors such as IL-1ra and IL-10 and
TNF-R. Furthermore, IL-6 stimulates the release of soluble TNF-α receptors, but not IL-1β or TNF-α.
Figure 1: A marked increase in IL-6, which is followed by IL-1ra, TNF-R, and IL-10.
IL-10 acts as an anti-inflammatory by inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-1-α, and TNF-α along with the production of chemokines, all of which play a critical role in the activation of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, natural killer cells, and T and B cells and, in their recruitment to the sites of inflammation.
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/98/4/1154
As I researched, I found many different websites that demonstrated how exercise can prove beneficial to those suffering from inflammatory diseases.
Heart Disease/Stroke:
- increase strength of heart muscle
- decrease blood pressure
- increase HDL
- decrease LDL
- improve blood flow
Obesity/Type II Diabetes:
- decrease body fat
- increase muscle mass
- increase body’s ability to use calories
Rheumatoid Arthritis/Osteoarthritis:
- increase muscle strength
- decrease pain and fatigue
- increase grip strength
- replenishment of lubrication to joint
- promotion of bone formation
- prevention of bone loss with aging
Crohn’s Disease (mild only)
- improved symptoms
- increased ratings of quality of life
Multiple Sclerosis:
- improved bowel and bladder function
- increased coordination
- increased ratings of quality of life
- decreased risk of CAD
- increased endurance
Parkinson’s Disease:
- decreased incidence of muscle cramps, rigidity of joints
- decreased aches/pains associated with staying still
- maintained control of gross movement (not tremors)
- heighten sense of achievement kept stress and anxiety levels low
In conclusion, regular exercise protects against diseases associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation.
http://www.medicinenet.com/benefits_of_exercise/article.htm
http://www.heuga.org/articles/benefits_of_exercise_for_people_with_ms
http://www.ccfa.org/reuters/excercise
http://www.worldwidehealth.com/health-article-The-Benefits-of-Exercise-for-People-Who-Suffer-From-Parkinsons-Disease.html
http://www.nutristrategy.com/health.htm
http://www.hopkins-arthritis.org/patient-corner/disease-management/exercise.html
5 comments:
That was a great explanation for the importance of exercise! It's true that all of the diseases we have discussed so far have highlighted the importance of exercising! Now if only everyone would get out and do it right?
Did you find anything about exercise helping with high-grade inflammation or exercise actually causing inflammatory responses?
This was very interesting. If only more people take advangage of the benefits of excersice maybe there would be less people at the doctor.
I found it much more difficult to find the negative effects of exercise. I know that Dr. Cohen said that there are a lot of studies showing that exercise triggers a pro-inflammatory response, but this was all I could find. I also researched the effects of exercise on high grade inflammation but was unsuccessful.
One of the potential negative effects of exercise occurs because of the increased production of free radicals. Increased free radicals could possibly overwhelm the body’s natural defense and pose a health risk from oxidative stress. Free radicals also play a role in muscle injury and soreness from muscle actions and unaccustomed exercise. Muscle damage of this nature releases muscle enzymes and initiates inflammatory cell infiltration into the damaged tissue. If the pro-inflammatory response is not too severe, there will be a corresponding anti-inflammatory response to repair the muscle damage and increase muscle strength for the next bout of exercise. Moderate exercise should provide you with just enough micro-trauma to allow you to sufficiently recover from your workouts to repair and rebuild your muscles before your next strength workout. As you age, the time for this repair process increases.
Exercise can also trigger a negative response by the involvement of other various mediators of inflammation, including histamine, serotonin, nitric oxide, cytokines, and prostaglandins.
This is a great post! I know that we all hear about the importance of exercising for our general health, but it's really interesting to read about how it actually acts naturally as an anti-inflammatory. It's great that it's also so beneficial to the symptoms of so many illnesses.
I still dont get why this seems like a shock to people! Excercising and eating right is always the right answer! So why does this always come up like it is new news?! Come on this should be obvious! Living a health life means eating and working out regularly!!
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